Tag: resource bundles

Resource Bundles in Flex (new thoughts on the topic)

This is the follow up to a post I wrote a little while ago.

Eliminate the Metadata tag

In the past I was accessing the resource bundle directly in the class. This meant that in I had to add the Metadata tag in every file. A better approach is to create a static class which calls ResourceManager.getInstance(). This way only this class needs to have the Metadata for the bundles. Here’s the static class I’m using.

package 
{
	import mx.resources.ResourceManager;
	
	[ResourceBundle("People")]
	[ResourceBundle("Groups")]
	[ResourceBundle("Framework")]
	public class ResourceUtils
	{
		public static function getString( module:String, key:String, failSilently:Boolean = false ):String
		{
			var value:String = ResourceManager.getInstance().getString( module, key );
			
			if (!value)
			{
				value = ResourceManager.getInstance().getString( "Framework", key );				
			}
			
			if (!value && !failSilently)
			{
				throw new Error( "Error: failed to find value for " + key + " in " + bundleName + " resource bundle" );
			}
			
			return value ? value : "";
		}
	}
}

The application that I’m working on is divided into a number of modules, each has their own resource file. To support this, when requesting a string you also specify the module. If the value isn’t found in the module resource file, then we check the overall framework resource file.

Throw an error if a value isn’t found

I find that I pretty often mistype a key for a string. The default behavior in Flex is to return null, I prefer throw an error in this case as it makes tracking down any missing values much easier. I’ve added the failSilently flag for cases where they may not be a value.

Here’s an example of how you’d use it

<mx:Label text="{ ResourceUtils.getString( Consts.MODULE_PEOPLE, 'addButton' ) }"/>

Static classes for resources in general

This idea of using static classes to reference resources also works well for images. I just saw this in a book I’m reading AdvancED Flex Application Development. It’s a nice, clean approach.

package
{
	[Bindable]
	public class AssetLib
	{
		[Embed(source="buttonUpSkin.png")]
		public static var buttonUpImage:Class;

		[Embed(source="buttonDownSkin.png")]
		public static var buttonDownImage:Class;
	}
}

Hope you find this useful,
Hillel

Resource Bundles in Flex (w/o lots of extra code)

I’ve always thought of resource bundles as one of those things I would implement when I needed them (I’ve never needed to port an application I’ve built to another language). That said, there’s another great benefit to bundles which sometimes gets lost in the crowd. They allow non-developers to change the text displayed in the application. I can’t tell you how many hours\days\weeks I’ve spent making minuscule text changes (only to have them changed back later).

With this new appreciation of the power of resource bundles I’ve started to implement them in the latest application I’m working on. The problem I’ve run into is that they add a tremendous amount of bloat. In this post I’d like to show the technique I’m using to eliminate a lot of the extra code.

Here’s an example of the standard way to use resource bundles (this is a piece of component called MyForm.mxml)

<mx:Metadata>
	[ResourceBundle("MyForm")]
</mx:Metadata> 

<mx:Script>
	<!&#91;CDATA&#91;
		import mx.resources.ResourceManager;
	&#93;&#93;>
</mx:Script>

<mx:Form>
	<mx:FormItem label="{ resourceManager.getString( 'MyForm', 'firstNameTextInput' ) }">
		<mx:TextInput id="firstNameTextInput"/>
	</mx:FormItem>
	<mx:FormItem label="{ resourceManager.getString( 'MyForm', 'lastNameTextInput' ) }">
		<mx:TextInput id="lastNameTextInput"/>
	</mx:FormItem>
	...

</mx:Form>

The main thing that bothers me with the above code is that in most cases the parameters passed to the resourceManager shouldn’t need to be specified. The first parameter, the bundle name, is most likely going to be the same for all of the fields on the page. Additionally, the key for the field can (if you use consistent naming conventions) match the id of the input component.

The heart of this solution is a helper utility class called ResourceUtils.

Here’s our first pass at it.

package
{

import mx.resources.ResourceManager;

public class ResourceUtils
{
	private var _bundleName:String;
	
	public function ResourceUtils( bundleName:String )
	{
		_bundleName = bundleName;
	}
	
	public function getString( key:String ):String
	{
		return ResourceManager.getInstance().getString( _bundleName, key );
	}
}
}

To use this we’ll simply create an instance of it at the top of our component

<mx:Metadata>
	[ResourceBundle("MyForm")]
</mx:Metadata> 

<mx:Script>
	<!&#91;CDATA&#91;
		import ResourceUtils;

		&#91;Bindable&#93;
		private var _rb:ResourceUtils = new ResourceUtils( "MyForm" );
	&#93;&#93;>
</mx:Script>


<mx:Form>
	<mx:FormItem label="{ _rb.getString( 'firstNameTextInput' ) }">
		<mx:TextInput id="firstNameTextInput"/>
	</mx:FormItem>
	<mx:FormItem label="{ _rb.getString( 'lastNameTextInput' ) }">
		<mx:TextInput id="lastNameTextInput"/>
	</mx:FormItem>
	...

</mx:Form>

By using this class we’ve eliminated the need to specify the bundle name every time we want to look up a key. That’s pretty cool but I think we can do even better. The second part of this solution is going to enable us to auto-magically map the key values to the input components based on the component ids.

Here’s the final version of the ResourceUtils class

package
{

import mx.containers.FormItem;
import mx.core.UIComponent;
import mx.resources.ResourceManager;

public class ResourceUtils
{
	private var _bundleName:String;
	
	public function ResourceUtils( bundleName:String )
	{
		_bundleName = bundleName;
	}
	
	public function getString( key:String ):String
	{
		return ResourceManager.getInstance().getString( _bundleName, key );
	}
	
	public static function setLabels( container:UIComponent, bundleName:String = null ):void
	{
		if (!bundleName)
		{
			bundleName = container.className;
		}
		
		setChildLabels( container, bundleName );
	}
	
	private static function setChildLabels( container:UIComponent, bundleName:String ):void
	{ 
		for (var x:uint; x < container.numChildren; x++)
		{
			var child:Object = container.getChildAt( x );
			
			if (child is UIComponent)
			{
				ResourceUtils.setChildLabels( child as UIComponent, bundleName );
				
				var label:String = ResourceManager.getInstance().getString( bundleName, child.id );
				
				if (!label)
				{
					continue;
				}
				
				if (UIComponent( child ).parent is FormItem)
				{
					var formItem:FormItem = UIComponent( child ).parent as FormItem;
					formItem.label = label;
				}					
				else if (child.hasOwnProperty( "prompt" ))
				{
					child.prompt = label;
				}
				else if (child.hasOwnProperty( "label" ))
				{
					child.label = label;
				}
				else if (child.hasOwnProperty( "text" ))
				{
					child.text = label;
				}
			}
		}
	}
}
}
&#91;/sourcecode&#93;

In the final version of the class we've added a new public static function called setLabels. This will recursively loop through all of the forms children and check for any components for which a key has been set in our resource bundle file. If we find a value we'll check if it looks like something we can set the label for.

Here's an example of how we'd use this class

&#91;sourcecode language='jscript'&#93;
<mx:Metadata>
	[ResourceBundle("MyForm")]
</mx:Metadata> 

<mx:Script>
	<!&#91;CDATA&#91;
		import ResourceUtils;

		// call this function in the initializer handler for the component
		private function init():void
		{
			ResourceUtils.setLabels( this );
		}
	&#93;&#93;>
</mx:Script>

<mx:Form>
	<mx:FormItem>
		<mx:TextInput id="firstNameTextInput"/>
	</mx:FormItem>
	<mx:FormItem>
		<mx:TextInput id="lastNameTextInput"/>
	</mx:FormItem>
	...

</mx:Form>

If you scroll back to the top of the page you’ll see that we’ve removed the need to reference not just the ResourceManager but the labels as well.

In practice you’d probably want to use a combination of the static setLabels function as well instantiating an instance of ResourceUtils depending on whether it makes sense for the labels to be auto-magically mapped. Also, be careful to only use the setLabels functions on your lower level child components. If you used it in your main application class (and you have a large application) it’s going to recurse it’s way through every component in your application which probably won’t be too efficient.

Hope you find this approach useful

Best,
Hillel